The name Williams is an English given name derived from the Germanic name Wilhelm. Wilhelm is composed of the elements "wil" meaning desire or will, and "helm" meaning helmet or protection. The name Williams literally means "desire for protection" or "resolute protector."

The name Wilhelm was introduced to England by the Norman conquerors in the 11th century. It quickly became a popular name among the nobility and gradually spread to the common people. Over time, the name evolved into various spellings such as William, Wiliam, and Williams.

One of the earliest known bearers of the name was William the Conqueror, the first Norman king of England. He was born in 1028 and is known for leading the Norman conquest of England in 1066. Another notable figure was William Shakespeare, the famous English playwright and poet, who lived from 1564 to 1616.

In the 13th century, Williams appeared in the writings of the Welsh poet Dafydd ap Gwilym, suggesting its usage in Wales during that period. The name also has biblical references, with William being the English form of the Hebrew name Wilhelmus, which is mentioned in the Book of Revelation.

Other famous Williams throughout history include William Wallace, the Scottish knight and leader of the Wars of Scottish Independence, who lived from around 1270 to 1305. William Wordsworth, the English Romantic poet, was born in 1770 and is renowned for his works such as "Tintern Abbey" and "Daffodils."

Williams also has a strong connection to the monarchy of England and Great Britain. Notable monarchs with this name include William the Conqueror, William III of England (also known as William of Orange, who reigned from 1689 to 1702), and William IV, who ruled from 1830 to 1837.